In the Syrian Code of Criminal Procedure, the burden of proof in criminal cases rests with:
- The Public Prosecution is primarily responsible: Because it must search for the availability of all elements of the crime whether material or moral because it seeks to uncover the crime and protect society from it.
- The personal claimant: When the claimant requests that the case be moved on the basis of a personal claim, and the prosecution is not convinced that the crime has occurred, then the personal prosecutor must seek to prove his claim.
- The criminal court judge: he also searches for everything that would reveal the truth (as if the judge requested that the perpetrator’s house be searched, in the event that the Public Prosecution did not do so).
- Defendant: The defendant must provide evidence of his innocence or provide excuses or reasons that apply to his condition.
